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Okay, everybody, welcome back to part two of pulmonary and we'll talk about some restrictive disorders of aspiration atelectasis, pleural effusion new authorities and flail chest restrictive disorders or disorders that involve air not being able to get into the alveolus. And then we'll also talk about some perfusion or what's called VQ mismatch disorders and those include pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolus, ARDS and acute respiratory failure. A VQ mismatch is also sometimes called a shunt. So we'll get into these in detail. Aspiration is the passage of any foreign material, food, fluid, drugs, even vomitus into the trachea and down into the lungs. And it's a restrictive order because we get decreased lung expansion and the alveoli become inflamed and that impairs our gas diffusion. Most often, aspiration will occur in the right bronchus because of our anatomy. Anatomically, you can see here from the photo on the right, the right bronchus was pretty much straight down and the left bronchus veers off. So this allows a lot of things to get into the right bronchus at a higher percentage than the left. The risk factors include decreased level of consciousness. Any patient who's under sedation, sleeping medications, drug abuse (either prescription or illicit drug use) and anesthesia. These patients are not going to be able to swallow very well so they're at risk for accidentally inhaling something that